含碳量2%～4.3%的铁碳合金称生铁。鞍钢冷板生铁硬而脆，但耐压耐磨。根据生铁中钢铁碳存在的形态不同又可分为白口铁、灰口铁和球墨铸铁。鞍钢冷板白口铁中碳以Fe3C形态分布，断口呈银白色，质硬而脆，不能进行机械加工，是炼钢的原料，故又称炼钢生铁。鞍钢冷板碳以片状石墨形态分布的称灰口铁，断口呈银灰色，易切削，易铸，耐磨。鞍钢冷板若碳以球状石墨分布则称球墨铸铁，其机械性能、加工性能接近于钢。在铸铁中加入特种合金元素可得特种铸铁，如加入Cr,耐磨性可大幅度提高，在特种条件下有十分重要的应用。             Iron carbon alloys containing 2% to 4.3% carbon called pig iron. Angang Cold plate iron hard and brittle, but the pressure resistant. According to the existing steel carbon in pig iron with different forms can be divided into white iron, gray iron and ductile iron. Angang Cold plate white cast iron carbon in Fe3C shape fracture distribution, silvery white, hard and brittle, machining is not, steelmaking raw materials, it is also called the steel-making pig iron. Angang Cold plate carbon graphite morphology and distribution called gray iron, fracture is in silver gray, easy cutting, easy to cast, wear resistance. AISC Cold Banruo carbon with spheroidal graphite distribution called nodular cast iron, its mechanical properties, processing properties close to steel. Add special alloy elements in cast iron can be special cast iron, such as joining the Cr, the wear resistance can be greatly improved, with important applications in special conditions.